The septic tank and drain field are designed and installed to handle a maximum calculated daily sewage flow. Consistently exceeding the design flow will eventually overload the system and cause failure. The tank may receive new solids faster than it can treat them and the drain field may become saturated from excessive water use.
There are various products on the market that are said to start, accelerate, or improve the action in the septic tank. Since all necessary bacteria are already present in the sewage entering the system, such products are not recommended.
Maintenance of a septic tank will depend largely on the daily sewage flow and individual household wastewater characteristics. With ordinary use and care, a septic tank should not require pumping out more than once every 3-5 years. It should, however, be inspected to determine the depth of accumulated sludge and grease.
Waste from kitchen garbage disposal units puts an extra load on a septic tank system. If a disposal is used, the capacity of the tank should be increased to handle the increased solid wastes. The tank may also require more frequent pumping to remove accumulated solid waste buildup.
Failure to pump out a septic tank system when indicated will result in solids or greases overflowing into the drain field, which in turn may become clogged and stop functioning. In this event, not only will the tank have
to be pumped out, but the drain field may also have to be replaced.
Septic tanks can be cleaned by septic tank cleaning firms permitted by the county health department. This type of work should be done only by experienced professionals who will pump the entire contents of the tank into a tank truck and dispose of
the contents in an approved, sanitary manner.
Septic tanks installed after January 1, 1998, are required to have outlet filters. For information on how to service / clean the filter, call your septic tank contractor or county health department.